Name: ______________________ Red ID: __________________ Grade: _______

1. (20%) Route the following inflow hydrograph using the storage-indication method:

   Time (hr)	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
   Inflow (m3/s)	10	20	50	80	90	100	90	60	50	40	30	20	10

   Assume baseflow is 10 m³/s, K= 4 hr, Delta t= 1 hr.

2. (20%) Given the following inflow hydrograph to a certain stream channel reach, calculate the outflow by the Muskingum method.

   Time (hr)	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
   Inflow (m3/s)	10	20	40	80	120	150	120	60	50	40	30	20	10

   Assume baseflow is 10 m³/s, K= 1 hr, X= 0.2, and Delta t= 1 hr.

3. (20%) Use the Clark method to derive a 2-hr unit hydrograph for a catchment with the following time-area diagram:

   Time (hr)        0       1       2        3        4         5        6
   Area (km²)        10     20     30      20        12      8

   Use K= 4 hr, and Delta t= 1 hr.

4. (40%) Please answer each question in one clear-and-concise paragraph:
   

   A. According to McPhee, the hydraulic and hydrologic philosophy of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers was that leveeing of the Mississippi river would lead to scour (degradation) of the bed. Instead, the opposite (aggradation) has tended to take place. Why?
   B. Why is regression used in hydrology? What is the range of variability of the correlation coefficient?
   C. In reservoir routing, why is there no apparent lag between the start of inflow and the start of outflow? What is the maximum practical value of K?
   D. What is Seddon's contribution to hydrology? What is Cunge's contribution to hydrology?
   E. Explain the difference in rating curves between kinematic, diffusion, and dynamic wave models. Where is the dynamic wave model mostly applicable?
   F. Why does the time-area method overestimate the flood peak? How does the cascade of linear reservoirs model hydrograph translation?
   G. What is the advantage of the Clark unit hydrograph over other unit hydrographs? Is the modified Clark method used in HEC-HMS lumped or distributed?
   H. What is topology in the context of catchment modeling? What is the importance of worms in hydrology?