Name: __________________________ Red ID: ______________________ Grade: ___________

1. (20%) Route the following inflow hydrograph using the storage indication method:

   Time (hr)	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
   Inflow (m3/s)	10	20	50	80	90	100	90	60	50	40	30	20	10

   Assume baseflow is 10 m³/s, K= 4 hr, Delta t= 1 hr.

2. (20%) Given the following inflow hydrograph to a certain stream channel reach, calculate the outflow by the Muskingum method.

   Time (hr)	0	3	6	9	12	15	18	21	24	27	30	33	36
   Inflow (m3/s)	100	120	150	200	250	275	250	210	180	150	120	110	100

   Assume baseflow is 100 m³/s, K= 2.4 hr, X= 0.1, and Delta t= 3 hr.

3. (20%) Use the Clark method to derive a 3-hr unit hydrograph for a catchment with the following time-area diagram:

   Time (hr)        0       3       6        9       12
   Area (km²)        57     72     39      15

   Use K= 3 hr, and Delta t= 3 hr.

4. (40%) Please answer each question in one clear-and-concise paragraph:
   

   1. Why is the Mississippi river valley flood prone? Why are floods in the Mississipi both good and bad?
   2. In reservoir routing, when the inflow and the outflow coincide, the outflow is a maximum. Why?
   3. What is McCarthy's contribution to hydrology? What is Seddon's contribution to hydrology?
   4. Explain the difference in rating curves between kinematic, diffusion, and dynamic wave models. What could be done to resolve the problem of the lack of a downstream boundary condition in dynamic wave models?
   5. Why does the time-area method overestimate the flood peak?
   6. What is the advantage of the Clark unit hydrograph over other unit hydrographs?
   7. Why is the method of cascade of linear reservoirs likely to take over catchment routing in the future? 8. What is the role of vegetation on infiltration?