Instructions: Open book, closed notes. Answer each question in a clear and concise paragraph. Give details as appropriate. Use engineering paper. Answer only 10 questions.

1. What is the relationship between flood flows and baseflow? Can baseflow be lost? How? Can baseflow be gained? How?

2. Why is baseflow recession better than pump tests to assess regional aquifer characteristics? Explain.

3. How are the destruction of forests and the want of permanent springs related? How are the destruction of forests and the change in flood magnitude related?

4. What is the difference between the Snyder and SCS unit hydrographs?

5. Why did Woolhiser and Liggett switched their research emphasis from dynamic to kinematic wave modeling in the mid 1960s?

6. What is the basis of the method of cascade of linear reservoirs? How does it account for hydrograph translation?

7. What is the basis of the Clark method of unit hydrograph generation?

8. What is the difference between Muskingum and Muskingum-Cunge methods of flood routing?

9. Why it is necessary to artificially extent the downstream boundary in dynamic wave models? Explain.

10. How does the Preissmann scheme control the tendency to instability of the numerical model?

11. What is runoff diffusion? What parameter or variable controls runoff diffusion?

12. What is the chemical cause of global climate change? How does global climate change affect hydrologic practice?